Disclaimer: This is general health information only and is not a substitute for advice from your GP or dermatologist.
1. What is rosacea?
Rosacea is a chronic skin condition that causes redness, visible blood vessels, and sometimes pimples on the face. It most commonly affects the cheeks, nose, forehead, and chin. Flare-ups can come and go, and the condition tends to worsen over time if untreated.
2. What causes rosacea?
The exact cause of rosacea is unknown, but several factors contribute:
- Genetics: A family history increases risk.
- Immune system response: Abnormal skin immune reactions may trigger inflammation.
- Skin mites and bacteria: Demodex mites or certain bacteria may worsen inflammation.
- Triggers: Sun exposure, heat, spicy foods, alcohol, stress, and certain skincare products can cause flare-ups.
- Vascular changes: Small blood vessels in the face may be more prone to dilation, causing persistent redness.
3. What are the symptoms?
- Facial redness or flushing
- Visible small blood vessels (telangiectasia)
- Pimples or pustules resembling acne
- Burning, stinging, or itching
- Thickening of the skin, especially on the nose (rhinophyma) in severe cases
4. How is rosacea diagnosed?
Diagnosis is based on clinical examination and history. A dermatologist may rule out acne, eczema, or other conditions with similar symptoms.
5. How is rosacea treated?
Treatment aims to reduce flare-ups and manage symptoms:
- Topical medications (metronidazole, azelaic acid)
- Oral antibiotics for moderate to severe cases
- Laser or light therapy for visible blood vessels
- Avoiding known triggers
- Gentle skincare and sun protection
6. Can rosacea be cured?
Rosacea cannot be permanently cured, but symptoms can be controlled effectively with treatment and lifestyle modifications. Early management prevents worsening.
7. How can I prevent flare-ups?
- Use sunscreen daily and avoid peak sun exposure
- Identify and avoid personal triggers (heat, alcohol, spicy foods)
- Use gentle, fragrance-free skincare products
- Manage stress and maintain a healthy lifestyle
8. Can children get rosacea?
Rosacea is uncommon in children but can occur. If a child has persistent facial redness or pimples not responding to acne treatment, medical review is recommended.
9. When should I see a doctor?
See a doctor if:
- Redness, pimples, or irritation persists
- Skin thickening or eye involvement develops
- Over-the-counter products do not improve symptoms
- You are unsure if the condition is rosacea
10. Can rosacea affect quality of life?
Yes. Visible redness, pimples, and flare-ups can impact self-esteem and confidence. With proper treatment and trigger management, most people can keep symptoms under control and maintain normal daily life.
