MASLD (Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease) – FAQs

Disclaimer: This is general health information only and is not a substitute for advice from your GP or healthcare professional.

1. What is MASLD?

MASLD is a condition in which fat accumulates in the liver due to metabolic dysfunction, such as insulin resistance, obesity, high blood sugar, or abnormal cholesterol. It is the updated term for what was previously called non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

2. What causes MASLD?

MASLD is mainly caused by metabolic factors, including being overweight, having type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or insulin resistance. Lifestyle factors like poor diet and lack of exercise also contribute.

3. What are the symptoms of MASLD?

Many people have no noticeable symptoms, especially early on. Some may experience fatigue, mild abdominal discomfort (usually in the upper right side), or general malaise. Advanced disease may lead to liver damage.

4. How is MASLD diagnosed?

Diagnosis involves blood tests for liver function, imaging such as ultrasound or FibroScan, and assessment of metabolic risk factors. Liver biopsy is rarely needed but may be used in uncertain cases.

5. Is MASLD serious?

MASLD is usually mild but can progress in some people to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, or liver failure. It also increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.

6. How is MASLD treated?

There is no specific medication approved solely for MASLD, but treatment focuses on lifestyle changes: losing weight gradually, eating a healthy balanced diet, exercising regularly, managing diabetes and cholesterol, and avoiding excess alcohol.

7. Can MASLD be reversed?

Yes. Early MASLD can improve or even reverse with sustained lifestyle changes, especially weight loss and metabolic control.

8. Who is at higher risk of MASLD?

People with obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, or sedentary lifestyle are at higher risk.

9. Can medications help MASLD?

Certain medications may be used to control underlying conditions like diabetes, cholesterol, or high blood pressure. Research is ongoing for medications that directly target liver fat and inflammation.

10. When should I see a doctor?

See a doctor if you have risk factors for MASLD, abnormal liver tests, or unexplained fatigue/abdominal discomfort, so that early evaluation, monitoring, and lifestyle guidance can be provided.