Disclaimer: This is general health information only and is not a substitute for advice from your GP or healthcare professional.
1. What is hematuria?
Hematuria is the presence of blood in the urine. It can be visible (red or brown urine) or microscopic (detected only on testing).
2. What causes hematuria?
Causes include urinary tract infections, kidney stones, bladder or kidney infections, trauma, vigorous exercise, certain medications, enlarged prostate, and rarely cancers of the urinary tract.
3. What are the symptoms of hematuria?
Visible hematuria presents as pink, red, or brown urine. Other symptoms may include painful urination, abdominal or flank pain, frequent urination, or urinary urgency, depending on the cause.
4. How is hematuria diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves urine tests (urinalysis, urine microscopy), blood tests, imaging such as ultrasound, CT scan, or cystoscopy to evaluate the urinary tract for stones, tumors, or other abnormalities.
5. Is hematuria serious?
Hematuria itself is a sign, not a disease, and seriousness depends on the underlying cause. While many cases are due to infections or stones, hematuria can sometimes indicate serious conditions like urinary tract cancer.
6. How is hematuria treated?
Treatment depends on the underlying cause:
Urinary tract infection: antibiotics
Kidney stones: hydration, pain relief, or procedures
Prostate enlargement: medications or surgery
Tumors: specialist management
7. Can medications cause hematuria?
Yes. Some blood thinners (anticoagulants), certain antibiotics, or chemotherapy drugs can cause blood in the urine. Always inform your doctor about medications.
8. Can hematuria be prevented?
Prevention depends on the cause. Good hydration, prompt treatment of infections, avoiding urinary trauma, and monitoring known risk factors can reduce the risk.
9. How long does hematuria last?
Duration varies based on cause. Infections often resolve within days with treatment, whereas stones or underlying conditions may require longer management.
10. When should I see a doctor?
See a doctor promptly if you notice blood in your urine, pain with urination, flank pain, unexplained weight loss, or if hematuria persists, as early evaluation is essential to rule out serious conditions.
