Disclaimer: This is general health information only and is not a substitute for advice from your GP or healthcare professional.
1. What is dandruff?
Dandruff is a common scalp condition that causes flaking of the skin on the scalp, often accompanied by itching. It is usually not serious but can be persistent and sometimes socially embarrassing.
2. What causes dandruff?
Dandruff can be caused by a combination of factors, including overgrowth of a yeast called Malassezia, oily scalp, dry skin, sensitivity to hair products, or skin conditions such as eczema or psoriasis. Stress and hormonal changes may also worsen symptoms.
3. Who can get dandruff?
Dandruff is common in adolescents and adults, affecting both men and women. It tends to be more noticeable in people with oily hair or scalp.
4. How is dandruff treated?
Treatment usually involves medicated shampoos containing ingredients such as zinc pyrithione, selenium sulfide, ketoconazole, or salicylic acid. Regular use helps control flaking and itching. Gentle hair care and avoiding harsh hair products also help.
5. How long does it take for treatment to work?
Improvement is often seen within 2–4 weeks, but ongoing use of medicated shampoos may be needed to prevent recurrence.
6. Can dandruff be prevented?
Regular washing with an appropriate shampoo, avoiding excessive oil buildup, minimizing stress, and maintaining scalp hygiene can reduce the risk of dandruff.
7. Is dandruff contagious?
No. Dandruff cannot be spread to others.
8. When should I see a doctor?
Consult a doctor if dandruff is severe, persistent despite treatment, or associated with redness, swelling, hair loss, or sores on the scalp, as these may indicate an underlying condition.
9. Can diet affect dandruff?
A healthy diet rich in zinc, B vitamins, and essential fatty acids may support scalp health, but diet alone usually does not cure dandruff.
10. Can dandruff come back?
Yes. Dandruff is often a chronic condition that can recur, especially in oily scalp or during periods of stress. Regular management with medicated shampoos helps keep it under control.
