Disclaimer: This is general health information only and is not a substitute for advice from your GP or healthcare professional.
1. What is onychomycosis?
Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nails, most commonly affecting toenails. It causes thickened, discolored, brittle, or crumbly nails.
2. What causes onychomycosis?
It is caused by dermatophytes, yeasts, or non-dermatophyte molds. Risk factors include warm, moist environments, poor foot hygiene, nail trauma, diabetes, and weakened immunity.
3. What are the symptoms?
Thickened or distorted nails Yellow, white, or brown discoloration Crumbling edges or brittle texture Nail separation from the nail bed (onycholysis) Occasionally mild pain or discomfort
4. How is onychomycosis diagnosed?
Diagnosis is usually clinical. A nail clipping or scraping can be examined under a microscope or cultured to confirm the fungal infection.
5. How is onychomycosis treated?
Treatment options include:
Topical antifungal nail lacquers or creams for mild infections Oral antifungal medications for moderate or severe infections Keeping nails trimmed, clean, and dry Preventing reinfection by wearing breathable shoes and avoiding shared nail tools
6. Can onychomycosis go away on its own?
No. Fungal nail infections rarely resolve without treatment and tend to worsen over time. Prompt treatment improves outcomes and reduces complications.
7. Is onychomycosis contagious?
Yes, it can spread via direct contact or contaminated surfaces such as showers, nail salons, or shared footwear. Practicing good hygiene reduces the risk.
8. Can children get onychomycosis?
Yes, but it is more common in adults, especially older adults or those with chronic medical conditions.
9. When should I see a doctor?
See a doctor if:
The nail infection worsens or spreads Pain or discomfort develops Over-the-counter treatments fail You have diabetes, poor circulation, or immune problems
10. Can onychomycosis cause serious health problems?
While not usually dangerous, untreated infections can lead to pain, nail loss, or secondary bacterial infections. In people with diabetes or poor circulation, complications can be more serious.
