Disclaimer: This is general health information only and is not a substitute for advice from your GP or healthcare professional.
1. What are GLP-1 receptor agonists?
GLP-1 receptor agonists are medicines used to treat type 2 diabetes and, in some cases, support weight loss. Examples include semaglutide, dulaglutide, liraglutide, and exenatide.
2. What are GLP-1 medicines used for?
They are used to improve blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes and may also help with weight reduction and lowering the risk of heart disease in certain people.
3. How do GLP-1 receptor agonists work?
They mimic a natural hormone that increases insulin release when blood sugar is high, reduces glucose production by the liver, slows stomach emptying, and increases feelings of fullness.
4. How are GLP-1 medicines taken?
Most GLP-1 medicines are given as injections under the skin, either daily or weekly, depending on the medication. Some oral formulations are also available.
5. What are the common side effects?
Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, constipation, bloating, and reduced appetite. These often improve as the body adjusts to treatment.
6. Are there serious side effects?
Less common but serious side effects can include pancreatitis, gallbladder problems, severe dehydration, and allergic reactions. Seek medical attention if severe abdominal pain occurs.
7. Who should not use GLP-1 medicines?
They may not be suitable for people with certain thyroid conditions, severe gastrointestinal disease, or a history of pancreatitis. Your doctor will assess suitability.
8. Can GLP-1 medicines cause low blood sugar?
On their own, GLP-1 medicines rarely cause low blood sugar. The risk increases when combined with insulin or sulfonylureas.
9. Do GLP-1 medicines help with weight loss?
Yes. Many people experience weight loss due to reduced appetite and slower digestion, but results vary and should be combined with healthy lifestyle changes.
10. When should I seek medical advice?
Seek medical advice if side effects are severe or persistent, if you have ongoing vomiting, signs of low blood sugar, severe abdominal pain, or concerns about weight or glucose control.
