Disclaimer: This is general health information only and is not a substitute for advice from your GP or healthcare professional.
1. What are NOACs?
NOACs (Non-vitamin K Oral Anticoagulants) are blood-thinning medicines used to prevent and treat blood clots. Common examples include apixaban, rivaroxaban, dabigatran, and edoxaban.
2. What are NOACs used for?
They are used to prevent stroke in people with atrial fibrillation, and to treat or prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).
3. How do NOACs work?
NOACs work by blocking specific clotting factors in the blood, reducing the blood’s ability to form clots while still allowing normal healing.
4. How are NOACs different from warfarin?
Compared with warfarin, NOACs usually:
- Do not require regular blood tests
- Have fewer food interactions
- Start working more quickly
- Have more predictable effects
5. How should NOACs be taken?
NOACs should be taken exactly as prescribed, at the same time each day. Some must be taken with food. Missing doses can increase the risk of clotting.
6. What are the common side effects?
The most common side effect is bleeding, such as easy bruising, nosebleeds, or bleeding gums. Some people may experience indigestion or nausea.
7. What are the serious risks?
Serious bleeding can occur, including gastrointestinal bleeding or brain bleeding. Seek urgent medical help if you have heavy bleeding, black stools, vomiting blood, or sudden severe headache.
8. Who should be cautious with NOACs?
NOACs may not be suitable for people with severe kidney or liver disease, certain heart valve conditions, or those at high risk of bleeding. Dose adjustments may be required in older adults.
9. Can NOACs interact with other medicines?
Yes. Some antibiotics, antifungals, seizure medications, and herbal products (such as St John’s wort) can affect NOAC levels. Always tell your doctor or pharmacist about all medicines and supplements you take.
10. What should I do before surgery or dental work?
Always inform your doctor or dentist that you are taking a NOAC. The medication may need to be stopped temporarily before procedures to reduce bleeding risk, under medical guidance.
