Disclaimer: This is general health information only and is not a substitute for advice from your GP or dermatologist.
1. What is psoriasis?
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin condition that causes red, scaly, itchy patches on the skin. It occurs when the skin cells grow too quickly, building up on the surface. Common areas affected include the elbows, knees, scalp, and lower back.
2. What causes psoriasis?
Psoriasis is caused by an overactive immune system that speeds up the growth cycle of skin cells. Factors that can trigger or worsen psoriasis include:
- Genetics (family history increases risk)
- Stress and emotional factors
- Skin injury or infection
- Certain medications (like beta-blockers or lithium)
- Cold weather or dry skin
- Alcohol consumption or smoking
3. What are the symptoms?
Symptoms vary but often include:
- Red patches of skin covered with silvery-white scales
- Dry, cracked skin that may bleed
- Itching, burning, or soreness
- Thickened nails or pitting (in nail psoriasis)
- Flare-ups that come and go
4. How is psoriasis diagnosed?
Diagnosis is usually clinical, based on the appearance of the skin and history. A skin biopsy may be done in uncertain cases to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions.
5. How is psoriasis treated?
Treatment depends on severity and type:
- Topical treatments: corticosteroid creams, vitamin D analogues, moisturisers
- Phototherapy: controlled UV light exposure
- Systemic medications: oral or injected drugs for moderate to severe cases
- Biologic therapies: target specific immune pathways for severe or resistant psoriasis
6. Can psoriasis be cured?
There is no permanent cure, but symptoms can be managed effectively. With treatment and lifestyle adjustments, most people can control flares and reduce discomfort.
7. Can lifestyle affect psoriasis?
Yes. Stress management, regular exercise, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol, and maintaining healthy skin with moisturisers can all reduce flares and improve quality of life.
8. Can children get psoriasis?
Yes. Psoriasis can appear at any age, including in children. Early treatment helps reduce symptoms and prevent complications.
9. When should I see a doctor?
See a doctor if:
- You develop widespread or severe patches
- Over-the-counter treatments are ineffective
- There is joint pain or nail changes (possible psoriatic arthritis)
- Flare-ups affect your daily life or emotional wellbeing
10. Can psoriasis affect quality of life?
Yes. Visible patches, itching, and discomfort can impact self-esteem, sleep, and daily activities. With proper treatment and support, most people can manage symptoms and maintain normal life.
