This information is general only and does not replace advice from your GP or healthcare professional.
1. What is Achilles tendonitis?
Achilles tendonitis is inflammation or irritation of the Achilles tendon, the strong band of tissue connecting your calf muscles to your heel bone. When the tendon is overused or strained, it becomes painful and stiff.
2. What are the common symptoms?
Symptoms include pain and stiffness at the back of the heel or lower calf, especially during walking or running. Pain often worsens with activity and improves with rest. Many people notice morning stiffness or swelling along the tendon.
3. What causes Achilles tendonitis?
It commonly occurs due to overuse, sudden increases in physical activity, poor footwear, tight calf muscles, or running on hard surfaces. People with flat feet or improper foot biomechanics are at higher risk.
4. How is Achilles tendonitis diagnosed?
A GP diagnoses it through a physical examination, checking for tenderness, thickening, swelling, and reduced ankle flexibility. They may assess your walking or running pattern. Imaging is only considered if symptoms are severe or not improving.
5. How is it treated?
Treatment includes rest, ice, stretching and strengthening exercises, physiotherapy, heel lifts or supportive shoes, and anti-inflammatory medications if appropriate. A gradual return to activity is important to prevent re-injury.
6. Can Achilles tendonitis heal on its own?
Yes. Many cases improve with conservative treatment over several weeks. Consistent stretching of the calf muscles and avoiding aggravating activities significantly speeds up recovery.
7. Are injections or surgery needed?
Injections are usually avoided in the Achilles tendon because they may weaken the tendon. Surgery is only considered in long-standing or severe cases that do not respond to months of physiotherapy and other treatments.
8. What exercises help Achilles tendonitis?
Calf stretches, eccentric heel-drop exercises, and strengthening of the lower leg muscles are effective. A physiotherapist can tailor a program to improve tendon strength and prevent recurrence.
9. What should I avoid with Achilles tendonitis?
Avoid running, jumping, uphill walking, and sudden increases in physical activity. Wearing flat, unsupportive shoes can worsen symptoms. Rest the tendon when pain is present.
10. Can footwear make a difference?
Yes. Supportive footwear with good heel cushioning can reduce strain on the Achilles tendon. Shoes with slightly raised heels or heel lifts may help relieve tension during recovery. Avoid worn-out or flat shoes, as they can increase stress on the tendon and worsen symptoms.
