This information is general only and does not replace advice from your GP or healthcare professional.
1. What is acute bronchitis?
Acute bronchitis is a short-term inflammation of the large airways (bronchi) in the lungs. It usually develops after a viral cold or flu and causes a persistent cough, mucus production, and chest irritation.
2. What are the key symptoms?
A cough that lasts days to weeks, mucus (clear, yellow, or green), chest tightness, wheezing, fatigue, and mild fever. Even after the infection settles, the cough can linger because the airways stay sensitive.
3. What causes acute bronchitis?
Most cases are caused by viral infections. Other contributors include smoking, exposure to irritants (dust, fumes, pollution), or underlying asthma. Bacteria are a much less common cause.
4. How is acute bronchitis diagnosed?
GPs diagnose it based on your symptoms, how long the cough has lasted, and by examining your chest. Testing (such as chest X-ray or swabs) is usually only needed if pneumonia or another illness is suspected.
5. Do I need antibiotics?
Usually not. Acute bronchitis is almost always viral, so antibiotics offer no benefit and can cause side effects. Antibiotics are only considered if your GP suspects a bacterial infection or you are at higher risk due to chronic illness.
6. How is acute bronchitis treated?
Treatment focuses on easing symptoms: rest, plenty of fluids, honey (if suitable), and simple pain relief. If you are wheezing or have asthma/COPD, you may benefit from an inhaler to open the airways.
7. Can acute bronchitis trigger asthma symptoms?
Yes. Viral infections can irritate the airways and temporarily worsen asthma, causing wheezing or breathlessness. People with asthma may need to use their reliever inhaler more often or adjust preventer medication under GP guidance.
8. Does having acute bronchitis increase my risk of pneumonia?
Most people recover without complications, but a small number—especially older adults, smokers, or those with weakened immunity—may develop pneumonia. Seek medical review if you have high fever, shortness of breath, or worsening symptoms.
9. Is acute bronchitis contagious?
Yes, the viruses that trigger bronchitis can spread through coughing, sneezing, and close contact. Good hand hygiene and staying home when unwell can reduce transmission.
10. How can I prevent acute bronchitis?
Avoid smoking and smoky environments, wash hands frequently, stay up to date with flu and COVID vaccines, and reduce exposure to cold or polluted air. Managing asthma or allergies well also helps lower risk.
