This information is general only and does not replace advice from your GP or healthcare professional.
1. What is a UTI?
A UTI (urinary tract infection) is a bacterial infection affecting the bladder, urethra, or kidneys. It commonly causes urinary discomfort, urgency, and frequent urination.
2. What are the common symptoms?
Burning when urinating, needing to urinate more often, passing small amounts, cloudy or strong-smelling urine, pelvic discomfort, or lower abdominal pain. Fever or back pain may indicate a kidney infection.
3. What causes a UTI?
UTIs are usually caused by bacteria entering the urinary tract. Common triggers include dehydration, sexual activity, wiping back-to-front, menopause-related dryness, holding urine too long, or incomplete bladder emptying.
4. How is a UTI diagnosed?
Diagnosis is made through symptoms, a urine dipstick test, and sometimes a urine culture to identify the specific bacteria and best antibiotics.
5. How is a UTI treated?
Treatment usually involves a short course of antibiotics. Drinking plenty of water and using pain relief (e.g., paracetamol, ibuprofen if suitable) can help with symptoms.
6. Can UTIs go away on their own?
Some mild UTIs can improve with fluids and rest, but many require antibiotics. Delaying treatment can increase the risk of the infection spreading to the kidneys.
7. How can I prevent UTIs?
Drink enough water, urinate after sexual activity, avoid holding urine too long, wipe front-to-back, manage constipation, and consider vaginal oestrogen if menopausal (discuss with your GP).
8. Are UTIs contagious?
No. UTIs are not spread from person to person. However, sexual intercourse can introduce bacteria into the urethra, increasing risk.
9. When should I see a GP?
If symptoms last more than a day or two, if you have fever, chills, back pain, vomiting, blood in urine, recurrent UTIs, or if you’re pregnant—seek medical advice promptly.
10. Why do some people get recurrent UTIs?
Causes include bladder emptying problems, menopause-related changes, anatomical issues, kidney stones, diabetes, or lifestyle factors. A GP may recommend further tests or preventive strategies.
